For some mental processes, humans and animals likely follow similar lines of thinking. Catherine Falls Commercial/Moment via Getty Images Can a monkey, a pigeon or a fish reason like a person? It’s a ...

We all have the habit of trying to guess the killer in a movie before the big reveal. That’s us making inferences. It’s what happens when your brain connects the dots without being told everything ...

We often express our thoughts in words to communicate ideas, present arguments or make decisions. But what format and structure do these thoughts take in the brain? In the fields of philosophy, ...

This paper concerns modal logics of provability -- Gödel-Löb system GL and Solovay logic S -- the smallest and the greatest representation of arithmetical theories in propositional logic respectively.

A new study provides the first evidence of transitive inference, the ability to use known relationships to infer unknown relationships, in a nonvertebrate animal: the lowly paper wasp. A new ...

Within the first year of life, children can make transitive inferences about a social hierarchy of dominance. Human infants are capable of deductive problem solving as early as 10 months of age, a new ...