Liquids and solutions may look simple, but on the molecular scale they are constantly shifting and reorganizing. When sugar dissolves in water, each sugar molecule quickly becomes surrounded by fast ...

Phase separation is one of the most fundamental physical phenomena that lead to pattern formation in various types of systems 1,2,3,4,5,6, including all kinds of classical condensed matter, biological ...

Liquid–liquid equilibria (LLE) in ternary systems concerns the conditions under which a three-component mixture divides into two immiscible liquid phases. At the heart of these phenomena is a delicate ...

The liquid crystals used in displays nowadays are usually in a nematic phase, i.e. a liquid-like state of almost parallel oriented molecules. However, there is another liquid crystal phase which has a ...

The separation process can be conducted using various instruments, but the most fitting method depends on the mixture’s properties. This article covers the importance of solid-liquid separation in the ...

When choline chloride and urea--both solids--are mixed together in a molar ratio of 1:2, a liquid mixture is formed that freezes at 12 C. As pure compounds, choline chloride ([HOCH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3) 3] + ...