Scientists in Saudi Arabia have developed a new passivation process for n-type silicon solar cells, which they say could offer a simpler, lower-cost alternative to current processes used in ...

Researchers have developed a novel passivation process for formamidinium lead iodide perovskite films, which reportedly resulted in solar cells with 23.69% power conversion efficiency, and modules ...

Many stainless-steel automotive parts must undergo passivation to ensure they are adequately corrosion-resistant and not prone to early failure, two factors critical for performance and a long ...

Laboratory tests can determine critical cleaning parameters for passivation treatments used to prevent rouge on GMP stainless-steel equipment. Stainless steel is usually the preferred substrate for ...

The author describes the types and sources of rouge and explains ways to prevent and mitigate this problem. Stainless steel is the primary construction material for pharmaceutical and ...