An alternative approach to these measurements is Near Infrared spectroscopy (NIR), which offers a faster and more environmentally friendly solution. NIR spectroscopy can effectively measure key jet ...

As high-speed serial data rates advance beyond 50 Gb/s, conventional logic-emulating non-return-to-zero (NRZ) signaling is being replaced by PAM4, a four-level pulse amplitude-modulation scheme. PAM4 ...

Large language models are routinely described in terms of their size, with figures like 7 billion or 70 billion parameters ...

Accurately estimating the junction temperature of a semiconductor device is essential for ensuring its reliability, performance, and longevity. Junction temperature has a direct influence on the ...

Several International Federations (IFs) employ specific policies to protect athletes’ health from the danger of heat. Most policies rely on the measurement of thermal indices such as the Wet Bulb ...

There is much confusion regarding how to make meaningful design decisions when converting a datasheet’s thermal resistance parameters. This introductory article will help today’s hardware engineers ...